Classification Of Intelligence Test
Intelligence tests can be classified into two broad categories namely:
1. Individual tests
2. Group test
Individual Tests
Individual intelligence tests are administered to individuals one by one. They are meant to test the intelligence of one individual at a time. Individual tests of intelligence are of two types:
Verbal Individual Intelligence Tests
Non-Verbal Individual Intelligence Tests
Verbal Individual Intelligence Tests
In verbal individual Intelligence tests adequate use of reading, writing and arithmetic 3® required. Here the instructions are given in word. Individuals are required to use language as well as paper and pencil for giving the response.
Binet-Simon Tests: French psychologists Bindet and Simon have done a pioneer- work in the field of intelligence testing. In 1905 they published a scale of Intelligence tests, known as the Binet-Simon scale. In this scale, some 30 tasks from the simplest to the most complex, were prescribed in serial order. The scale contained tests for the age group of 3 to 15 years.
The Stanford-Binet Test
The revision by Terman has been named as Stanford-Binet Test to give honor to the University where he worked. Terman made some modifications by avoiding certain drawbacks in Binet’s test.
Terman-Merril Revision
In-1937 Terman revised the Stanford-Binet Test with the help of Merrill and published the Revised Standford Test. It became useful for the age range of 2 to 18 years.
Standford-Binet Scale (1960)
In this scale, the language was used to the highest degree. In it, certain items were initial which were criticized to be out of date. Under this revision the conventional I.Q was replaced by a Deviation I.Q Deviation I.Q’s are standard scores.
Some test is:
Pinter-Paterson Performance Scale: It was devised by Pinter and Paterson in 1917. In this test, 15 form tests were included. They were for the use of children from 4 to 16 years.
The Minnesota Pre-school Scale: For the age group of 13 months to 5 years.
Good Enough’s “Drawing-a man test”: Intelligence is appraised by evaluating the characteristics of the child’s drawing of a man. It is the most widely used test to measure the intelligence of children from 3 to 13 years.
It has been adopted in Indian conditions by several research workers.
Porteus Maze Test: Another example of the performances Intelligence tests is the Portrush Maze Test, In its paper and pencil mazes, are used.
Wechsler Bellevue Intelligence Scale (Mixed Tests-Verbal and Non-verbal)
Wechsler Bellevue Intelligence Scale has two tests-one for children and the other for adults. The Wechsler Bellevue Intelligence Scale (WAIS) measures the intelligence of adults.
Group Tests of Intelligence
Group tests are designed to test the Intelligence of all the students in the group or class. They are given the same directions and have to perform the same activities within the set time- limit. Groups tests of Intelligence can be verbal and non-verbal.
A verbal Group Tests
Army Alpha Tests
The first and the most famous verbal group test which was applied on a large scale was the Army Alpha Test.
Army General Classification Test
This test was developed during the Second World War, to serve the same purpose as the Army Alpha.
Terman-McNemar Test of Mental Ability
The test was published in 1941 on the lines of the Terman Group Test of Mental Ability. It consists of 7 sub-tests (verbal-non-verbal).
Non-Verbal Group Tests (Performances Tests) or Intelligence
Non-verbal tests, as we have already pointed contain a picture, diagram, geometrical figures, etc in the form of exercises instead of words. Some of the non-verbal group tests of intelligence are.
Army Beta Test
The most famous is the Army Beta also known as a paper and pencil Test. It includes tracing a line through mazes, counting of blocks in pile, substituting symbols for number, completing pictures by supplying parts omitted, and solving geometrical puzzles.
Raven’s Progressive Matrices
It is a very popular non-verbal group test of intelligence. It was developed in Great Britain by Raven. It consists of Matrices or designs from each of which a part has been removed. Colored Progressive. Matrices, advanced progressive Matrices, and Standard Progressive are well known non-verbal tests meant for all grades successively.
Progressive matrices (Coloured)
Progressive matrices in the colored form have been prepared for use with children between the ages of 5 and 11 and with feeble-minded adults.
It quiets a useful test to be used in all cultures. Standard Progressive matrices are used for adolescents (ages 12-18) and advanced for 18+ age group.
Cattel’s Culture Free Test
It is available for three levels in the different series
4 to 8 years
8 to 12 years
High school to adults. Each series consist of our sub-tests which are Series Classification, Matrices Conditions.
Creativity Test
There are many tests available in India and abroad for this purpose. Let’s have a look at them
First, discuss some foreign tests of creativity:
Minnesota tests of creative thinking
Guilford Divergent Thinking Instrument
Remote Associate Test
Wallach and Kogan Creativity instrument
A.C. test of Creative ability
Torrance test of Creative Thinking
Tests by Getzels and Jackson They have used five different measures of creativity and their research
Uses of thing tests: A student is asked to give as many uses as he can for a common object e.g. five uses of a tree.
Hidden shapes tests: A student is required to find a more complex form of figures shown on the card in the simple form
Creativity Test by Meier and Mcclow
Remote Associate Test by Mednick
Barren Welsh Art Scale
Harris Test of Scientific Creativity
Thinking Creativity with sounds and words by Torrance, Khatna, and Cunning ton.
Makeup problems: A student is required to make up as many mathematical problems as he can on the basis of information given in a complete paragraph.