Fundamental Operation A symbol having a fixed numerical value is called a constant otherwise it is known as a variable. A combination of constants and variables, connected by the fundamental operations +,-,*, and / is called an algebraic expression. An expression consisting of a single term is called a Monomial while an expression of two […]
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Averages The idea of an arithmetic average or mean is not new to us. We have probably heard such statements as: ‘My average on test is 96%, “Gavaskar averaged 57 runs in the series.” An arithmetic average or mean of a set of numbers is a single number around which the set seems to
Simple Interest When borrowing money (called the Principle –P) from a bank or a moneylender, then at the end of the specified period (called the Time- T) we have to pay the money borrowed and some extra money (known as Interest –I) for the privilege of having used the money. His interest depends on
Profit and Loss: Discount We have already studied the concept of profits and loss in the previous class. However, we will recall the definition and formulae. The amount paid to purchase an article is called its Cost price abbreviated as C.P The amount at which an article is sold is called its Selling Price
Percent and Percentage We have already learned about the concept of percentage in the previous class. We know that percent means per hundred. x percent is denoted by x%. Thus x%= x hundredths = x/100 So a fraction with its denominator 100 is equal to that percent as is the numerator. Thus 17/100 =17%
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SPEED Suppose a car travels 250km in 5 hours then the car will travel 50 km in 1 hour. We say that the speed of the car is 50 km per hour, written as 50 km/hr by speed, we mean here an average speed. Thus if a rocket 5 seconds to cover 6km Then
Unitary method The method in which the price of 1 article helps us in finding the price of any number of articles is known as the unitary method. Note: if may be noted that: more articles will cost more Cost of any number of articles = (Cost of 1 article) * (number of articles)
Ratio and Proportion In mathematics test Meena got 80marks and Rosy got 60 marks We can compare these marks in two ways. Comparison by difference: The difference between the two marks is 80-60 =20. We say that Meena got 20 marks more than Rosy. Comparison by division: We can also say that the marks
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SQUARE ROOT Squares The square of a number is that number raised to the power 2. Perfect Squares A natural number is called a perfect square or a square number, if it is the square of some natural number. Square Roots The square root of a number x is that number which when multiplied
Fractions We have learned half, quarter, one-third, etc. They are ‘fractions’. Each indicated ‘part of the whole and are called fractional number. Equivalent Fractions Fractions which indicate the same fractional number are said to be equivalent fractions. Type of Fractions Unit Fraction: The fractions which have 1 as numerator are called unit fractions. Decimal
